Vergil's Penelope: The Diana Simile in Aeneid 1.498-502

Gail C. Polk, Athens Academy

By recalling Venus's earlier Diana-like disguise in Aeneid 1, the simile that compares Dido to Diana emphasizes the queen's dual aspect: She is like Diana in her ability to govern well and remain faithful to her husband's memory, while Venus is symbolic of her later unbridled passion and lack of responsibility. Homer's Penelope, who experiences a period of dual-mindedness and is compared to Artemis and Aphrodite, is an important source for Vergil's presentation of the internal conflict between loyalty and rekindled longing in a strong female leader.


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